牛头梗的血统有几个赛级的?
1、“血统一说”不科学 有人根据国外某些文章里说"A bloodline goes back to the original family from which it is descended and can be traced forward through each generation. Each animal's breeding record is like a story or line of DNA. We call this an ancestry (or descent) chart, and we use these charts to identify how dogs are related by tracing their ancestors back in time. In this way, we know that every dog has its own direct lineage(血统)”,认为“一血统”是正确的。 但实际上,通过近亲繁殖保持血统的纯正,是宠物育种中的一个方法,在犬展上评价犬只时,也会根据血统的纯合程度给与加分(详见《如何评价一只犬的比赛成绩》)。但“一血统”的说法太绝对了,是不科学的——任何一条狗都会有N条血统线路;而且事实上,现代纯种犬大多数都是杂交选育出的品种(详细可见《狗狗也有混血儿吗?为什么我的博美不是纯种的?》)。 用一血统说解释像牛头梗这样没有明显遗传缺陷,且经过精心繁育而保存了较多基因多样性的近代犬种,似乎不太合适。
2、对“几血统”的解释 以上观点出自FCI官网,英文原版地址: http://www.fci.org/standard/64_Bull_Terrier.asp FCI标准中关于“Bloodline(血统)”是这样解释的: A dog’s bloodlines are determined by adding up the number of generations to his most recent common ancestor(s). For example, if you were to trace the direct paternal line back five generations, you would come to the sire﹙father﹚of the dog in question, who was likely a working dog belonging to some unknown breed. The great-great-grandparents on the mother’s side are then added to the total, as well as all the great-grandparents, grandparent, and parent, thus bringing us down to the current generation where there may be different types of breeds represented in the family group. 翻译一下,这段话的意思是: 一血统指代的是某犬最近共同祖先的直系后代,比如你的祖先是一男一女,那么该血统就是一男一女的血缘传递下去的所有后代,直到现在的你为止。
如果追溯父系血统的话,第7代就可以找到该犬最近的共祖。同样地,母系血统第8代可找到共祖。 在这里,“bloodline(血统)”这个词更倾向于表示一个“血统线”的概念,而不是一个“血统的纯合程度”概念。所以用“有几血统”来理解这个标准中的“bloodline(血统)”含义,比用一血统说更为准确些。 另外看到有人问“n/a”是什么意思,这个是在表格中找不到相应的选项,填入这个缩写是为了表示“此栏数据为不可见”的意思。